Ball Valves

Match the valve port diameter to your pipe or tubing nominal size (e.g., 1/2", 3/4") and choose the connection type that fits your system—threaded (NPT/BSP), flanged, solder/sweat, or compression—while verifying pressure and temperature ratings for the intended service

Brass is common for water and moderate chemicals, stainless steel (304/316) offers better corrosion resistance and higher pressure/temperature capability, and PVC/CPVC suits many corrosive or low-temperature applications; consult chemical compatibility charts for aggressive fluids

Key features include full-bore vs reduced-bore (full-bore minimizes pressure drop), ball and seat materials (PTFE seats for tight shutoff), handle type (lever or gear-operated for high torque), and end-port orientation (2-way, 3-way) for flow control and installation flexibility

Confirm the valve's maximum working pressure (often given in PSI or bar) and temperature range to exceed the system's peak operating conditions; stainless and metal valves generally support higher pressures and temperatures than plastic ones

Operate the valve periodically to prevent sticking, avoid over-torquing the handle, flush particulates from the line before installation, and replace seals or the valve if persistent leaking or resistance occurs; follow manufacturer maintenance intervals when provided

Prices vary by material, size, pressure rating, and features: basic small brass valves are typically at the lower end, stainless steel, large-diameter, high-pressure, or multi-port valves cost more; budget options are often found under $50 while industrial-grade units can range much higher

Use a 3-way ball valve when you need to divert flow between two outlets or mix flows; verify which port configuration (L-port for diverting or T-port for mixing) matches your piping and that the valve's pressure/temperature ratings suit your system